百分数在英语中用per cent(美作percent)表示,在句子中可作多种成分。接下来小编将为你介绍百分数在英语中的运用。
在句子中作不同成分
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1)用作主语:
Over eighty per cent of all families own a television.
百分之八十以上的家庭都有电视机。
What per cent of the population can read? 人口中能识文断字的百分比是多少?
2)用作宾语或介词宾语:
They constitute eight per cent of the population. 他们占人口的百分之八。
The price of bread has gone up by 40 per cent in two years.
面包价格两年间涨了百分之四十。
3)用作定语:
Leave the waitress a 15 per cent tip. 给女招待留下百分之十五的小费。
There is a ten per cent service charge. 要收百分之十的服务费(小费)。
4)用作状语:
I think it’s ninety per cent probable. 我看这有百分之九十的可能性。
I’m not a hundred per cent convinced myself. 我自己也不是百分之百全信。
5)偶尔作表语:
12 is I percent of 1,200. 12是1,200 的百分之一。
必须了解的一些基础知识及用法
一、必须知道的两个名词
Percent的中文意思是:百分之…,如果你怕麻烦,还可以简化成%,这个单词还可以分开来写成:per cent,例如:16%的男生有心理问题。
1. 16% of the boys have mental problems.
2. 16 percent of the boys have mental problems.
3. 16 per cent of the boys have mental problems.
Percent of…后面的名词直接决定着后面谓语动词的单复数形式。例如:
16 percent of the boys are overweight.
Over 60 percent of the earth surface is covered with water.
但是,percentage中文是:百分率,百分比。如果用它表达上面的例句,可以说成:
The percentage of the boys who have mental problems is 16 per cent.
我们汉语中常说的百分点可以被表达成:percentage points,例如:
Interest rate fell by six percentage points.
利率下降了六个百分点。
常见的词组有:a high/low/small percentage of,例如:
A high percentage of married women have part-time jobs.
已婚妇女兼职的比例非常高。
二、必须知道的两个动词
在表达“占一定数量或比例”时,我们使用频率最高的动词有:
Afro-Americans account for 12% of the US population.
Afro-Americans make up 12% of the US population.
非裔美国人占美国人口的百分之十二。
Account for还有另外一个常用用法,相当于动词explain。请看例句:
Recent pressure at work may account for his strange behavior.
他行为怪异的原因可能是工作压力大。
相比之下,make up的意思非常丰富,用法更多。例如:
They made him up as an old man for the last act of the play.
在最后一幕中,他们把她装扮成一个老头。
When you"re the boss you can make up your own rules.
当你是老板时,你可以制定你自己的规矩。
I don"t eat breakfast but I make up for it at lunch.
通常我不吃早饭,到中饭的时候在弥补。
三、如何表达“比例高低”
上面作文提示中,就有这样的一句:
大约12%的学生有情绪问题,其中,女生的比例比较高。
那么,如何表达比例的高低呢?最简单的表达就是:
Most of the students with emotional problems are girls.
在有情绪问题的学生中,女生占绝大多数。
再高级的一点的表达,可以使用短语the majority of或者a minority of,例如:
The majority of the students with emotional problems are girls.
在有情绪问题的学生中,女生占绝大多数。
Only a minority of people support these new laws.
只有少数的人支持这些新法律。
此外,还有介词短语in the majority和in a/the majority,上面的两句句话可以说成:
Among the students with emotional problems, girls are in the majority.
在有情绪问题的学生中,女生占绝大多数。
People who support these new laws are in a minority.
只有少数的人支持这些新法律。
四、百分比的其他表达
当出现多个百分比时,可以对数字进行一些处理和转换,避免表达重复,例如:
第一组:百分之二十五的新生来自农村。
25 percent of the new students come from the countryside.
A quarter of the new students come from the countryside.
第二组:在受访的人群中,百分之五十一的人支持这个运动。
51% of people surveyed are in favor of the campaign.
Over half of people surveyed are in favor of the campaign.
第三组:这个班级有百分之六十七的学生患了近视眼。
67 percent of the students in the class are short-sighted.
About two-thirds of the students in the class are short-sighted.
第四组:70%的老师赞成这个计划,17%的人反对,13%的人不确定。
70% of the teachers support the plan. 17% of them are against it. 13% are not sure.
70% of the teachers support the plan. 17% of them are against it. The rest are unsure.
五、三个重要的定语
在百分比之后,常要加上一些限定词,例如:
16% of the students surveyed suffer from mental problems.
在接受的学生当中,有16%的学生有心理问题。
Boys make up 53% of the students with mental problems.
在有心理问题的学生当中,男生占53%。
很多时候,我们也可以使用定语从句或分词结构,例如上面的句子也可以写成:
Boys make up 53% of the students who suffer from mental problems.
Boys make up 53% of the students suffering from mental problems.
六、其他的表达技巧
首先,看一个例句:
16.2% of the boys have mental problems. 11.4% of the girls have mental problems.
16.2%的男生有心理健康问题,11.4%的女生有心理健康问题。
这是男女学生之间的对比,我们可以使用while把这个两句话合二为一:
16.2% of the boys have mental problems while 11.4% of the girls have mental problems.
再认真看一下,这两句话的谓语和宾语都一样,只有主语不同,还可以简化为:
16.2% of the boys and 11.4% of the girls have mental problems.
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