英语百分数的用法

2023-03-08 10:37:53 来源:教育之家

百分数在英语中用per cent(美作percent)表示,在句子中可作多种成分。接下来小编将为你介绍百分数在英语中的运用。

在句子中作不同成分


(资料图)

1)用作主语:

Over eighty per cent of all families own a television.

百分之八十以上的家庭都有电视机。

What per cent of the population can read?       人口中能识文断字的百分比是多少?

2)用作宾语或介词宾语:

They constitute eight per cent of the population.        他们占人口的百分之八。

The price of bread has gone up by 40 per cent in two years.

面包价格两年间涨了百分之四十。

3)用作定语:

Leave the waitress a 15 per cent tip. 给女招待留下百分之十五的小费。

There is a ten per cent service charge. 要收百分之十的服务费(小费)。

4)用作状语:

I think it’s ninety per cent probable. 我看这有百分之九十的可能性。

I’m not a hundred per cent convinced myself. 我自己也不是百分之百全信。

5)偶尔作表语:

12 is I percent of 1,200. 12是1,200 的百分之一。 

必须了解的一些基础知识及用法

一、必须知道的两个名词

Percent的中文意思是:百分之…,如果你怕麻烦,还可以简化成%,这个单词还可以分开来写成:per cent,例如:16%的男生有心理问题。

1. 16% of the boys have mental problems.

2. 16 percent of the boys have mental problems.

3. 16 per cent of the boys have mental problems.

Percent of…后面的名词直接决定着后面谓语动词的单复数形式。例如:

16 percent of the boys are overweight.

Over 60 percent of the earth surface is covered with water.

但是,percentage中文是:百分率,百分比。如果用它表达上面的例句,可以说成:

The percentage of the boys who have mental problems is 16 per cent.

我们汉语中常说的百分点可以被表达成:percentage points,例如:

Interest rate fell by six percentage points.

利率下降了六个百分点。

常见的词组有:a high/low/small percentage of,例如:

A high percentage of married women have part-time jobs.

已婚妇女兼职的比例非常高。

二、必须知道的两个动词

在表达“占一定数量或比例”时,我们使用频率最高的动词有:

Afro-Americans account for 12% of the US population.

Afro-Americans make up 12% of the US population.

非裔美国人占美国人口的百分之十二。

Account for还有另外一个常用用法,相当于动词explain。请看例句:

Recent pressure at work may account for his strange behavior.

他行为怪异的原因可能是工作压力大。

相比之下,make up的意思非常丰富,用法更多。例如:

They made him up as an old man for the last act of the play.

在最后一幕中,他们把她装扮成一个老头。

When you"re the boss you can make up your own rules.

当你是老板时,你可以制定你自己的规矩。

I don"t eat breakfast but I make up for it at lunch.

通常我不吃早饭,到中饭的时候在弥补。

三、如何表达“比例高低”

上面作文提示中,就有这样的一句:

大约12%的学生有情绪问题,其中,女生的比例比较高。

那么,如何表达比例的高低呢?最简单的表达就是:

Most of the students with emotional problems are girls.

在有情绪问题的学生中,女生占绝大多数。

再高级的一点的表达,可以使用短语the majority of或者a minority of,例如:

The majority of the students with emotional problems are girls.

在有情绪问题的学生中,女生占绝大多数。

Only a minority of people support these new laws.

只有少数的人支持这些新法律。

此外,还有介词短语in the majority和in a/the majority,上面的两句句话可以说成:

Among the students with emotional problems, girls are in the majority.

在有情绪问题的学生中,女生占绝大多数。

People who support these new laws are in a minority.

只有少数的人支持这些新法律。

四、百分比的其他表达

当出现多个百分比时,可以对数字进行一些处理和转换,避免表达重复,例如:

第一组:百分之二十五的新生来自农村。

25 percent of the new students come from the countryside.

A quarter of the new students come from the countryside.

第二组:在受访的人群中,百分之五十一的人支持这个运动。

51% of people surveyed are in favor of the campaign.

Over half of people surveyed are in favor of the campaign.

第三组:这个班级有百分之六十七的学生患了近视眼。

67 percent of the students in the class are short-sighted.

About two-thirds of the students in the class are short-sighted.

第四组:70%的老师赞成这个计划,17%的人反对,13%的人不确定。

70% of the teachers support the plan. 17% of them are against it. 13% are not sure.

70% of the teachers support the plan. 17% of them are against it. The rest are unsure.

五、三个重要的定语

在百分比之后,常要加上一些限定词,例如:

16% of the students surveyed suffer from mental problems.

在接受的学生当中,有16%的学生有心理问题。

Boys make up 53% of the students with mental problems.

在有心理问题的学生当中,男生占53%。

很多时候,我们也可以使用定语从句或分词结构,例如上面的句子也可以写成:

Boys make up 53% of the students who suffer from mental problems.

Boys make up 53% of the students suffering from mental problems.

六、其他的表达技巧

首先,看一个例句:

16.2% of the boys have mental problems. 11.4% of the girls have mental problems.

16.2%的男生有心理健康问题,11.4%的女生有心理健康问题。

这是男女学生之间的对比,我们可以使用while把这个两句话合二为一:

16.2% of the boys have mental problems while 11.4% of the girls have mental problems.

再认真看一下,这两句话的谓语和宾语都一样,只有主语不同,还可以简化为:

16.2% of the boys and 11.4% of the girls have mental problems.

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